If weaving is used to make the fabric, the warp yarns are assembled onto a beam. Spinning is done in the same way as the wicks are made from cotton wool at homes. How is it done? 3.1. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 5. In fact, some nonwoven products are subjected to both textile and p aper industry . The fibres of cotton and wool have many folds and uneven surfaces. In spinning, fibre from a mass of cotton or wool are drawn out and twisted. Figure 5 shows the bonding of nonoven fabric. (d) Sufi saint Kabir was a weaver. This brings the fibres together to form a yam. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. • A yarns is a continuous strand made up of a number of fibres which are twisted together 19. Weaving / Knitting / making of non wovens Then the yarn is made into fabric. To make fabric, we have to first convert the cotton fibres into yarns by which of the following process? • Jute fibre is obtained from the stem of a jute plant. The yarn was _____to give beautiful colours and then_____to get cotton fabric. Log in, Concise Mathematics Class 10 ICSE Solutions 2018. The fibres are then further separated in a blending machine; this separates different grades of cotton to be blended, processes and spun into yarn. The yarn was _____to give beautiful colours and then_____to get cotton fabric. Which of the following materials did people use in ancient times for making clothes? The yarn for the production of woolen loden fabrics is characterized by its bulky and soft appearance. This process is also called warping. (i) Leaves of trees (ii) Newspaper (iii) Metal foils (iv) Animal skins and furs (a) (i) … Fabric is … Fibres are made from the yarns. To make fabrics, all these fibres are first converted into yarns. The earliest known samples of yarn and fabric of any kind were found near Robenhausen, Switzerland, where bundles of flax fibers and yarns and fragments of plain-weave linen fabric, were estimated to be about 7,000 years old. Yarns are made up of a number of fibres twisted together. After many different colours of finest Australian Merino wool fibres have been blended and carded, ring spinning frames twist them into woolen yarns and into the desired fineness. ↓ The yarns are then used to make fabrics by weaving and knitting. Fragments of cotton fabrics have been found by a… Detailed definitions and manufacturing principles for different types of yarns are provided. 3.1. That thread which was made of fibres is called yarn. All these fibres are first converted into yarns to make fabrics. 1. technologies, to form and bond polymers, fibres, filaments, yarns or combination sheets into a flexible, porous structure. You can try making cotton yarn yourself. (ii) Fabric is made from yarn by the process of weaving or knitting. Activity 4 Hold some cotton wool in one hand. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. So they are first converted into yarns which are longer, thicker and stronger. One such example is given. How is it done? A fibre is a fine hair like strand and is the basic unit of textiles from which we make yarns and then the fabric. To make fabrics, all these fibres are first converted into yarns. There are three basic steps required for fabric production. Fill in the names of useful items made from jute fibres in Fig. 6. Yarns are the continuous, strands produced from a short and staple fibres. Pinch some cotton between the thumb and forefinger of the other hand. Similarly , there are many other fibres available to us, which can be used to make cloth and we will learn about these in the next section. • Handlooms or power looms are used in weaving fabrics. Other cotton fibres and myself were made into yarn by the process of _____. (c) To make fabric, the fibres are first converted into yarns. • Cotton fibres are made from cotton ball. There are two forms of yarn: one with a low amount of fibers and one with a high amount of fibers. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. The fibres best suited for textile weaving typically measure between 1 to 1 3/4 inches long; the first destination for these fibres is the carding machine. Pinch some cotton between the thumb an d forefinger of the other hand. Fabric are made from yarn by two main processes : 1 Weaving 2 Knitting. Activity 4. The stems of harvested plants are bundled and immersed in water for 10 to 15 days. The stems rot (the process is called retting) and fibres are separated by hand. Other cotton fibres and myself were made into yarn by the process of _____. FIBRES Fibres … https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-84569-931-4.00008-8. 36. The first step in creating fabric is yarn production. Appropriate yarn structures and manufacturing technologies are selected for required applications and properties. Particular emphasis is given to various types of fancy yarns, which are described with suitable diagrams and detailed explanations of their manufacturing methods. Hi, I am going to write the primary properties essential for a fibre to be spun in to a yarn. We use these yarns to make fabrics. They are made from both natural and synthetic fibres. Raw jute fibres are red in colour. Fibres are thin and small and cannot be made into a fabric directly. The fabrics are made from fibres in the following two steps : (i) Fibres are first converted to yarn by the process of spinning. In the case of synthetic continuous-filament yarns, manufacturing methods including melt spinning, wet spinning, dry spinning and gel spinning techniques are explained and different forms of continuous-filament yarns are dealt with, such as flat yarns, textured yarns, bi-component yarns and split tape or film yarns. Spinning can be done both by hands and by machines. In weaving 2 sets of yarns are interlaced to from the fabric. 39. The conventional systems for processing staple fibre into spun yarns are those developed for cotton and wool: opening, carding, drawing, combing, roving and spinning. The cotton fibres are then converted into rope-like loose strands. The jute plant is normally harvested at flowering stage. To be made into fabric, wool undergoes several processes. There are two types of wool yarn that make different fabrics: woolen and worsted. ( most properties in synthetic fibres can be controlled to process them into different types of yarns. These fibres are converted into yarns to make … 38. (c) Spinning (iii) Yarns are made from these thin strands (d) Ginning (iv) These are spun from fibres and then used to make fabrics (e) Fibre (v) Process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric (f) Yarn (vi) Process of making yarn from fibres 23. Opening is the process of reducing compressed cotton fibres from a bale into smaller-fibre tufts. 3.1. Processing of a Fibre into Fabric. Weft is … Spun yarns can contain a single type of fibre, or you can spin various types of fibre together to give you a blend. This process is known as the spinning of cotton yarns. Yarns are usually converted into fabrics, either by weaving or knitting. In case of staple-fibre yarns, manufacturing technologies including ring, rotor, air-jet spinning and Vortex spinning are explained together with the type of yarn structures obtained from the respective technologies and their end-uses. are drawn out and twisted. Hold some cotton wool in one hand. It may have existed in Egypt as early as 12,000 B.C. A brief treatment of yarn follows. 37. Filaments may be loosely twisted together to form yarns of a specified thickness. Yarns are made from both natural and synthetic fibre, in filament or staple form.Filament is fibre of great length, including the natural fibre silk and the synthetic fibres. For full treatment, see textile: Production of yarn. Answer: The devices on which weaving of fabrics takes place are called looms. The process of making fabric or cloth by arranging yarns at right angles to them, is called weaving.The process of making a fabric by interlocking loops of single yarn with knitting needles or machines, is called knitting. The strands are twisted to make yarns. Question 2: Which statement out of the following is incorrect? These materials vary in their sizes and texture and form a suitable for knitting, weaving or otherwise intertwining to form textile fabrics. Cotton has also been cultivated and used to make fabrics for at least 7,000 years. Flax and jute have fibres on its fruits. In the process of spinning, fibres from a mass of cotton (or wool, silk, etc.) The yarn is then woven on a loom to create wool fabric. Yarns are woven together to make a fabric. • Opening: This is the basic operation in the spinning of yarn from raw fibres. Fill in the names of useful items made from jute fibres in Fig. Fiber is the smallest unit of a fabric. Textile - Textile - Conversion to yarn: Because filaments, such as silk and the synthetic fibres, have extreme length, they can be made into yarn without the spinning operation necessary for the shorter staple fibres. Improve your learning 1. Yarns … Fibres are first converted into yarn by the process of spinning. The stems rot (the process is called retting) and fibres are separated by hand. Making of Fabric, Fibre to Fabric, Class 6. Important Questions on Fibre to Fabrics. The chapter describes different types of yarns in terms of their structures, properties and applications. A bundle of endless stainless steel fibers can be converted to yarns by textile spinning processes. When grouped together in a loose, continuous rope without twist, synthetic filaments are called tow. Fibres are thin and small and cannot be made into a fabric directly. Spinning: The process of making yarn from fibre is called spinning. Spinning is the process of converting fibres into yarn by twisting the fibre using various machines. To make fabrics, all these fibres are first converted into yarns. 3.4 SPINNING COTTON YARN You can try making cotton yar n yourself. Natural fibers—cotton, flax, silk, and wool—represent the major fibers available to ancient civilizations. 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One such example is given. So they are first converted into yarns which are longer, thicker and stronger. Which of the following materials did people use in ancient times for making clothes? By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Answer 2 (b) Question 3. These fibres are converted into yarns to make fabrics (Fig). 3.4 SPINNING COTTON YARN. There are varieties of textile fibres derived from various natural and man-made sources. The stems of harvested plants are bundled and immersed in water for 10 to 15 days. The process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric is called weaving. The former, with a number of filaments of around 275, can be converted into a … (a) Use of charkha was popularised by Mahatma Gandhi as a part of the Independence movement (b) In India, jute is mainly grown in Kerala and Punjab (c) To make fabric, the fibres are first converted into yarns (d) Sufi Saint Kabir was a weaver Solution: (b) In India, jute is mainly grown in West Bengal, Bihar and Assam. • Making yarn from fibre is called spinning. 4. Bobbin is the wooden or plastic reels on which yarn is wound. Question: What are looms? This is done by spinning the fibers. Match the terms given in Column I with the statements given in Column II. Solution: (b): In India, jute is mainly grown in West Bengal, Bihar, Assam and Andhra Pradesh. 1. In this process, fibres from a mass of cotton wool are drawn out and twisted. Question 3. At spinning mills, cotton fibres are first converted into different types of yarns At fabric mills, yarns are woven or knitted into fabrics At manufacturing factories, fabrics are cut and sewn into … Here, the raw materials that have been harvested and processed are transformed from raw fibers into yarn and threads. fibres. These fibres are spun into continuous strands called as yarns, by imparting twist. 81 Science VI Class converted into yarn. The fleece is sheared from the sheep, scoured, carded, combed and spun into yarn. 2. Match the terms given in Column I with the statements given in Column II. The longer fibres are made into wool for sweaters and the shorter fibres are spun and woven into woollen cloth. 3. (d) Sufi saint Kabir was a weaver. Yarns are made up of a number of fibres twisted together. (i) Leaves of trees (ii) Newspaper (iii) Metal foils The 2 main processes are weaving and knitting. 35. (c) To make fabric, the fibres are first converted into yarns. 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