Indigenous Medicinal Plants. The ethnobotanical survey was carried out in May, 2016, with the help of some members of the Ghana National Association of Traditional Healers, Ashanti region (GNATH), a subunit of the Ghana federation of traditional healers associations (GHAFTRAM). The names and the authenticity of the plant species were confirmed using the Electronic Plant Information Centre (ePIC, http://epic.kew.org/). The majority of indigenes in the rural areas of Ghana use herbal medicines for their primary health care. It is estimated that only 15-20% of the population of Nepal - living in and around urban areas - have access to modern medicinal facilities, whereas the rest depend on traditional medicines [ 11 ]. This is because in the biofilm state multiple bacterial species form a polymicrobial community with several advantages including a more efficient DNA sharing and quorum sensing system, passive resistance, and metabolic cooperation, which protects them from antimicrobial agents and host immune responses [5]. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. A majority of respondents (61%) had practiced for more than 15 years. Compounds HF1A, HF1B, and HF1C (Figure 6) were identified based on comparison of mass spectral, 1H and 13C NMR data to published literature as holonamine, holadienine, and conessine, respectively [15,16]. This is however the first report of the biofilm formation inhibitory effect of H. floribunda and the isolated plant constituents. Participants were informed of the objectives of the survey and personal visits were made to their homes and practice sites. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the chiefs of the studied areas and the GNATH.  |  : Selected plants for biofilm formation inhibitory activity. 2000; 287: 44–45. J Ethnopharmacol. The extracts obtained were concentrated on a rotary evaporator under low temperature and further dried to afford the pet-ether (PHE-5.2%), ethyl acetate extract (EHE-19.85% w/w), and a methanol extract (MHE-16.15% w/w). 2020 Dec 14;6(12):e05562. Its medicinal values are: Photomicrographs of bacterial biofilms were recorded at a magnification of ×100 [13]. The current study reveals that screening of indigenous medicinal plants could unravel potential leads to salvage the declining efficacy of conventional antibiotics. indigenous peoples). A … These were Bridelia stenocarpa (MBS), Anogeissus sericea (MAS), Trichilia lanata (MTL), Grossera vignei (MGV), Acacia ataxacantha (MAA), Albizia ferruginea (MAF), Holarrhena floribunda (MHF), and Triplochiton scleroxylon (MTS) (Figure 2). Many indigenous plants are used locally for herbal and medicinal purposes. indigenous medicinal plants knowledge from their family members and friends secretly. Majeed M, Bhatti KH, Amjad MS, Abbasi AM, Bussmann RW, Nawaz F, Rashid A, Mehmood A, Mahmood M, Khan WM, Ahmad KS. To quantify the amount of the biofilm produced, the optical densities (OD) of reconstituted biofilm solutions from the microtiter plate assay were determined (Table 2). Previous reports that were used to support this study are cited at relevant places within the text as references. Indigenous medicinal plants will be put under the microscope as part of an Australian-first research project to look at commercialisation opportunities for bush medicine. Objectives To support the protection and propagation of indigenous medicinal plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. The alkaloids were then extracted with 2.5 L of chloroform. Optical densities of biofilms produced by various microorganisms. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241705. 2005; 100: 43–49. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The chloroform extract was concentrated by evaporation on a rotary evaporator to yield 52.4 g of crude alkaloidal fraction. 2013; 148: 714–723. Detail about the number of cited plants from the respective plant family is presented in Fig. All organic solvents were of analytical grade and obtained from BDH, Laboratory Supplies (Merck Ltd, Lutterworth, UK). The isolated compounds demonstrated varying degrees of biofilm formation inhibitory properties. The inclusion criterion for the survey was that the practitioner used herbal medicine. Plants are providing reliable therapy since time immemorial. In the past two decades, the links between bio-cultural diversity and the richness of plant species in South Africa have contributed to ongoing attempts to develop traditional medicines for use in the modern complementary and alternative medicines sector. No Scientific Name Local Name Family Place Parts Used 1 Acacia catechu Willd. Furthermore, the biofilm formation inhibitory activities of selected plant extracts were investigated and some bioactive constituents identified. Indigenous uses of medicinal plants in North Garo Hills, Meghalaya, NE India Sharma M. * , Sharma C.L. Ethnobotanical data were analyzed using quantitative tools, i.e. It is estimated that approximately 34% of medicinal plants are used to treat diseases of the digestive tract. S. aureus biofilms are known to typically colonize both artificial and tissue surfaces in humans and cause serious infections including implant-associated infections, cystic fibrosis, lung infections, and chronic wounds [18]. To ensure cellular quiescence, this dilution was maintained at 4°C. Amjad MS, Qaeem MF, Ahmad I, Khan SU, Chaudhari SK, Zahid Malik N, Shaheen H, Khan AM. MHE showed the highest biofilm formation inhibitory effect with an MBIC of 0.0625 mg/mL (Table 3). Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. The methanol extracts of the eight plants that showed antibacterial activity were further tested for biofilm inhibitory activity against S. aureus. No. 2002; Fact Sheet. 2014 Feb 27;152(1):135-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.037. Medicine in your backyard: How Indigenous peoples have used medicinal plants A program available at Wanuskewin Heritage Park shows people plants … Solanum surattense, Withania somnifera, Cyperus rotundus, Solanum nigrum and Melia azedarach were the most utilized medicinal plant species with highest used value. [40], which reported synergistic antibacterial activity of steroidal alkaloids isolated from Holarrhena antidysenterica against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The raw data/results from experiments used to arrive at the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request. Results: Table S1: medicinal plants used for the management of skin and wound infections as well as other infective conditions in the Ejisu-Juaben district of Ghana. The research was conducted in five villages in the district, namely, Bonwire, Ejisu, Onwe, Besease, and Juaben. They were filtered, concentrated on a rotary evaporator, and dried on a water bath. Pakistan has a great diversity in medicinal flora and people use these ethno-medicines to deal with many skin problems. The survey data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 for windows and Graph Pad Prism (Version 5 for windows, San Diego, USA). Relative frequency citation (RFC), use value (UV), informant consensus factor (ICF) fidelity level (FL), RPL and ROP indices. Specialists could administer such medicines as herbal teas, preparations to be chewed and swallowed, poultices, inhaled vapours, or a variety of other applications. Resistant clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (A), Streptococcus pyogenes clinical strain (B), Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (C), Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (D), and Klebsiella pneumonia clinical strain (E) were obtained from the Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, KNUST, and used for the study. J Ethnopharmacol. Environmental Service Facebook is showing information to help you better understand the purpose of a Page. Thirty traditional healers participated in the survey. Indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants from Gujranwala district, Pakistan. The present work is the first study on ethnobotanical uses of 124 MPs species used by the local tribal communities of Jazan province in the Southwest of Saudi Arabia. was used, and the method description partly reproduces their wording [12]. Crude alkaloids (AKL) precipitated from this methanol fraction also showed considerable activity although twofold less active than the methanol fraction (Table 3). Fig 2. Details of HPLC experimental procedures are provided in supplementary data (available here). Present paper offers considerable information on traditional uses of medicinal plants by the inhabitants of Hafizabad district, Punjab-Pakistan. Among families Lamiaceae dominated over other families by donating 08 medicinal plant species followed by Apiaceae (07) and Asteraceae (06). The RPL and ROP values were calculated to recognize the folk medicinal plant wealth; six out of 32 plant species (19%) were found popular, based on citation by more than half of the maximum number of informant viz. The Ejisu-Juaben district is one of the 27 administrative and political districts in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. was employed with some modification. Three extracts, pet-ether (PHE), ethyl acetate (EHE), and methanol (MHE) fractions, were prepared from the crude extract and tested for biofilm inhibitory activity. Fraction HF1 (1.19 g) was subjected to purification by preparative HPLC [MeOH−H2O + 0.1% HCOOH 98 : 2, 2 mL min−1] to yield pure compounds, namely, HF1A, HF1B, and HF1C. The authors received no specific funding for this work. Demographic features of informants; life form, part used, methods of preparation, modes of application and ethnomedicinal uses were documented. The diversity of medicinal plant species and associated traditional knowledge is significant in primary health care system.  |  Seventy medicinal plants were documented from the survey (Supplementary Material-Table S1). This traditional family apprenticeship is called ukushiywa nezikhwama zenyangameaning the tradition of ‘inheriting medicinal bags’ which refers to a small bag called The interviews were followed by the collection of plants under the supervision of three traditional healers.  |  Science. Aziz MA, Khan AH, Adnan M, Izatullah I. Mean zones of inhibition of extracts in agar well diffusion assay. The use of medicinal plants for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and ethnodiseases such as diarrhea, stomachache, dysentery, “empacho” (blockage), and bile is a common strategy among indigenous communities. Indigenous Plants for Health, Inc. Geneva. Umair M, Altaf M, Bussmann RW, Abbasi AM. Medicinal plants, also called medicinal herbs, have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since prehistoric times. Among Indigenous peoples in Canada, the origin of some medicinal applications is chronicled in stories, such as in the Siksika (Blackfoot) narrative of how a woman named Last Calf, who had tuberculosis, gave food to a beaver, who in turn gifted her with a vision of a cure for her ailment. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05562. Extracts that showed antibacterial activity were tested for biofilm inhibitory activity, and the most active plant was subsequently purified to obtain the active constituents. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! It was then eluted with gradient mixtures of pet-ether, EtOAc, and MeOH. MEDICINAL AND CULTURAL USE OF INDIGENOUS PLANTS Indigenous medicinal plants are used by more than 60% of South Africans in their health care needs or cultural practices (Table 1). This work has provided comprehensive data on the medicinal plants used in the treatment of infection in Ghana. One of these communities is based in the Ejisu-Juaben district where the use of herbal medicine is widespread and highly diverse due to the floristic and cultural diversity of various communities [17]. Contamination of Medicinal Plants: Implications for Indigenous Health A new study will trace the legacy of uranium mining on commercially available medicinal plants. The methanol fraction exhibited the highest antibiofilm activity among the fractions, extracts, and the reference control. Although the antibiofilm inhibitory property of H. floribunda and its constituents was not previously investigated, a recent study demonstrated the resistance-modifying ability of conessine through the inhibition of multidrug efflux pumps [35–38]. Copyright © 2020 Elikplim Kwesi Ampofo et al. A cutoff OD was determined from the negative control and used to separate nonbiofilm from biofilm-producing microorganisms following standard methods [11]. These compounds have been previously reported from H. floribunda and other Holarrhena species [15,16,19]. eCollection 2020. Biofilm formation was significantly mitigated by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of Holarrhena floribunda stem bark. The district lies within a semi-deciduous forest zone where flora and fauna is diverse and composed of different species of both economic and ornamental importance. Steroidal alkaloids are the major types of phytoconstituents identified in H. floribunda [16,27,28]. HHS This work was supported by the Building Stronger Universities (BSU) Grant, WP3. Herbal medicines are highly valued and enjoy patronage by a large number of the populace due to its acceptability, affordability, and perceived safety [9]. This ethnobotanical study was conducted in the Ashanti Region of Ghana, specifically in the Ejisu-Juaben district (Figure 1). This assertion makes the current results of the antibiofilm formation effect of conessine very plausible. For a long time, the people of Saudi Arabia have been using medicinal plants (MPs) as conventional medicine to heal diverse human and livestock diseases. G. vignei, methanol extract (MGV) on the other hand, reduced the biofilm production of S. aureus to a moderate biofilm producer at concentrations of 5 to 10 mg/mL (Figure 4(b)). Consequently, the ROP value for these species was more than 75. Briefly, sterile molten Mueller Hinton agar (20 mL each) was seeded with 100 μL of standardized test organism and poured into 90 mm sterile Petri dishes. 2017 May 8;13(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s13002-017-0151-1. Forty out of the seventy plants were collected and their methanol extracts evaluated for antimicrobial activity by the agar diffusion assay. In a statement yesterday, Prof Chinsembu said current challenges in prevention and treatment of COVID-19 should open new prospects in the search for novel drugs from indigenous medicinal plants and other natural products. 271. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the bioactive alkaloidal fraction revealed the presence of the steroidal alkaloids, holonamine (HF1A), holadienine (HF1B), and conessine (HF1C), which also showed considerable antibiofilm forming activity. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Fig 3. 2021 Mar 1;267:113200. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113200. This was first determined qualitatively from photomicrographs of glass slides with adhering bacterial biofilms stained with 0.1% crystal violet (Figure 3). Forty medicinal plants cited more than five times by 20% of the traditional healers (Percentage of respondents with the knowledge about the use of a particular plant) were investigated for antibacterial activity (shown by asterisk ‘’on Table S1, Supplementary Material). 2020 Oct 27;16(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s13002-020-00417-w. See this image and copyright information in PMC. … traditional health practioners, IP. Solanum surattense, Withania somnifera, Cyperus rotundus, Solanum nigrum and Melia azedarach were the most utilized medicinal plant species with highest used value. Proportional contributions of plant part in herbal preparations. The vernacular names of plants, uses, methods of preparation, and the administration of remedies were documented. For all assays, the working culture was prepared by standard dilution in distilled water and the bacterial suspension was adjusted to a turbidity matching that of 0.5 McFarland Standard (containing ∼108 colony forming units (CFU)/mL) according to the CLSI guidelines [10,11]. Briefly, a sterile glass slide placed in a sterile petri dish was overlaid with 20 mL of Mueller Hinton broth seeded with 100 μL of standardized culture (∼108 CFU/mL). The amount of biofilm formed was quantified by adding 200 μL of 95% ethanol/acetic acid mixture (1:1) and the optical density (OD) of the resulting solution was measured at 595 nm. The alkaloid extract (50 g) was loaded onto a glass column (60 cm × 3 cm) packed with silica gel (70–230 mesh). 2020 Apr 6;251:112415. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112415. were remedies for coughs and colds, while the gum from gum trees, which is … Another study has shown that compounds with efflux pump inhibition may also cause biofilm disruption [39]. The communities are well known for their traditional beliefs and the use of plants for medicine (Ghana Statistical Service, 2014). The authors appreciate the support and assistance of the Ghana National Association of Traditional Healers Ashanti region (GNATH) for their assistance. Current evidence suggests that free-floating bacteria attach onto solid surfaces and create a complex polysaccharide matrix called the biofilm, which protects them from antimicrobial agents [2,3]. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240555. For the determination of the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations of fractions and pure compounds, a concentration range between 1 and 0.0078 mg/mL was used. This could be useful in novel drug discovery and to validate the ethomendicinal knowledge. The current study reveals that screening of indigenous medicinal plants could unravel potential leads to salvage the declining efficacy of conventional antibiotics. Voucher specimens of all the plants have been deposited in the Herbarium of the Herbal Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, KNUST, with defined ID numbers. Medicinal plants form the basis of traditional or indigenous health systems used, in the estimate of the World Health Organization, by the majority of the population of most developing countries. The biofilm formation inhibitory effect of Holarrhena floribunda and its constituents validates the ethnomedicinal use of the plant in infectious disease treatment and points to the possible presence of other potentially effective antibacterial constituents in the plant. Further in this study, the biofilm formation inhibitory effect of selected medicinal plants against biofilm-producing Staphylococcus aureus was investigated. Minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations of fractions, isolated compounds HF1A, HF1B, and HF1C, and the reference drug against, Steroidal alkaloids from the stem bark of, 6 (a-b) Graphs showing the effect of different concentrations of fractions and isolated compounds on the amount of biofilm formed (optical density-OD) by, Indigenous Medicinal Plants as Biofilm Inhibitors for the Mitigation of Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana, Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) (mg/mL), C. M. Romero, C. G. Vivacqua, M. B. Abdulhamid et al., “Biofilm inhibition activity of traditional medicinal plants from Northwestern Argentina against native pathogen and environmental microorganisms,”, R. M. Donlan, “Role of biofilms in antimicrobial resistance,”, M. Jamal, W. Ahmad, S. Andleeb et al., “Bacterial biofilm and associated infections,”, R. M. Donlan, “Biofilm formation: a clinically relevant microbiological process,”, R. Wolcott, J. W. Costerton, D. Raoult, and S. J. Cutler, “The polymicrobial nature of biofilm infection,”, B. Sasirekha, D. Megha, M. S. Chandra, and R. Soujanya, “Study on effect of different plant extracts on microbial biofilms,”, J.-F. Hu, E. Garo, M. G. Goering et al., “Bacterial biofilm inhibitors from Diospyrosdendo,”, S. M. Bhola, F. M. Alabbas, R. Bhola et al., “Neem extract as an inhibitor for biocorrosion influenced by sulfate reducing bacteria: a preliminary investigation,”, R. M. Gyasi, A. The use of medicinal plants has been a part of people’s healing traditions worldwide, probably from humans’ earliest beginnings. Methods: general experimental procedures. Native mints (Mentha spp.) Some extracts of neotropical rainforest plants have shown remarkable biofilm inhibitory effects [1,6]. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. The wells were then washed with sterile water and dried. A prior informed consent form (translated into the local dialect) was given to the participants to sign after the objectives of the study had been explained. (Supplementary Materials). Bindseil, K. Siems, J. Frevert, and P. M. Abreu, “New trichothecenes isolated from, J. Fotie, D. S. Bohle, M. L. Leimanis, E. Georges, G. Rukunga, and A. E. Nkengfack, “Lupeol long-chain fatty acid esters with antimalarial activity from, D. Kavitha, P. Shilpa, and S. N. Devaraj, “Antibacterial and antidiarrhoeal effects of alkaloids of Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall,”, A. Chakraborty and A. H. Brantner, “Antibacterial steroid alkaloids from the stem bark of, B. S. Siddiqui, S. T. Ali, G. H. Rizwani, S. Begum, S. Tauseef, and A. Ahmad, “Antimicrobial activity of the methanolic bark extract of, S. Chusri, P. Na-Phatthalung, T. Siriyong, S. Paosen, and S. P. Voravuthikunchai, “, T. Siriyong, S. Chusri, P. Srimanote, V. Tipmanee, and S. P. Voravuthikunchai, “, T. Siriyong, S. P. Voravuthikunchai, and P. J. Coote, “Steroidal alkaloids and conessine from the medicinal plant, T. Siriyong, P. Srimanote, S. Chusri et al., “Conessine as a novel inhibitor of multidrug efflux pump systems in, A. Reza, J. M. Sutton, and K. M. Rahman, “Effectiveness of efflux pump inhibitors as biofilm disruptors and resistance breakers in gram-negative (ESKAPEE) bacteria,”, Z. Li-Na, G. Xiao-Lei, D. Ting-Ting, G. Hui-Yuan, and S. Bo-Hang, “Antibacterial steroidal alkaloids from, A. Tanwar, R. Chawla, A. S. Chakotiya et al., “Effect of. The experiment was performed in triplicate. The antibacterial activity of Holarrhena species has been attributed to the presence of steroidal alkaloids [22,32–34]. Briefly, 100 μL of sterile liquid broth medium was inoculated with 10 μL of standardized overnight culture of the selected bacterium, and volumes of plant extracts reconstituted in distilled water were added to obtain concentrations of 10, 5, 2.5, and 1.25 mg/mL. eCollection 2020. Thus, fractionation of the stem bark extract of H. floribunda, to some extent, afforded much potent antibiofilm methanol fraction, which owed its activity, in part, to its constituent alkaloids. Descriptive study of plant resources in the context of the ethnomedicinal relevance of indigenous flora: A case study from Toli Peer National Park, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. 2019 Feb 1;15(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s13002-019-0285-4. The reported ailments were classified into 11 disease categories based on ICF values and highest number of plant species was reported to treat dermatological and gastrointestinal disorders. One hundred and fifty grams each of the forty selected plants were dried in the shade for 7 days, milled into a coarse powder using a warring blender, and extracted with 80% methanol by cold maceration. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. The strains were aseptically subcultured into sterile Mueller Hinton broth and incubated at 37° C for 24 hours prior to use. NIH J PubMed doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171896. Trends in ethnopharmacology. These data can serve as evidential support for the clinical development of a number of medicinal plant remedies as adjuvant therapy. A total of 85 species belonging to 71 genera and 34 families were documented along with ethnomedicinal uses. Briefly, fresh Mueller Hinton broth (100 μL) was seeded with 10 μL of standardized microorganism culture in a 96-well microtiter plate and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. A negative control was included and used to calculate a cutoff OD value, which separates a nonbiofilm producer from a biofilm-producing organism according to the established standards [11,14]. Adhikari JN, Bhattarai BP, Rokaya MB, Thapa TB. Among the tested plants, Holarrhena floribunda stem bark exhibited the highest biofilm formation inhibitory activity against S. aureus. They were authenticated by Dr. George Henry Sam of the Department of Herbal Medicine. Documentation of such useful medicinal plants is important to facilitate future research on the efficacy of these plants and allow for the appropriate incorporation of the most effective herbal remedies into primary health care. Mahmood A, Mahmood A, Malik RN, Shinwari ZK. 2004; 7: 71–87. This put natural products with antibiofilm activity in the spotlight for a wide range of applications to address health and industrial issues. Holarrhena floribunda is well known in African traditional medicine for the treatment of malaria, diarrhea, dysentery, diabetes, skin diseases, swellings, and urinary and sexually transmitted infections [20,21]. The resulting solution was made distinctly alkaline with 70 mL of strong ammonia. The experiment was carried out in triplicate and the mean OD was considered. The Indigenous space, at the heart of the St. George campus on Hart House Green, will include landscape designs with medicinal gardens, Indigenous trees … The agar well diffusion method as described by Jorgenson et al. 5) and filled with the extracts at concentrations of 5 mg/mL. Epub 2020 Aug 1. After the incubation, the liquid suspension was removed and the amount of biofilm formed determined as described in Section 2.5.4. New alkaloids from the husks of Holarrhena floribunda (G. Don) Dur. A. Badmus, O. E. Ekpo, F. Rautenbach, J. L. Marnewick, A. A total 64 indigenous medicinal plants were reported from 32 different families. Forty of these, cited more than five times by 20% of the traditional healers, were collected from the Ejisu-Juaben district for further investigation. This is the time to sweat more and breed less as we research more on indigenous medicinal plants for yield of innovations and inventions before the knowledge holders disappear to … HF1A, HF1B, and HF1C are isolated compounds. 2020 Nov 25;16(1):72. doi: 10.1186/s13002-020-00424-x. In terms of medicines, many different parts of plants were used. More than 500 plants were used in indigenous medicine. Catalan ethnoflora: a meta-analytic approach to life forms and geographic territories. 2. Zahoor M, Yousaf Z, Aqsa T, Haroon M, Saleh N, Aftab A, Javed S, Qadeer M, Ramazan H. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. S. aureus was therefore selected for the investigation of biofilm formation inhibitory property of H. floribunda. Also known as the boegoe plant, buchu is used in different forms as a medicine plant, either when making tea or crushed and mixed in vinegar. In the rural and peri-urban areas like the Ejisu-Juaben district in the Ashanti region of Ghana, access to medical care is limited, and most indigenes rely on herbal medicine practitioners for their primary health needs. Indigenous medicinal plants. and Schinz: holarrheline, holadienine, holaromine and holaline,”, K. Appiah, C. Oppong, H. Mardani et al., “Medicinal plants used in the Ejisu-Juaben municipality, Southern Ghana: an ethnobotanical study,”, N. K. Archer, M. J. Mazaitis, J. W. Costerton, J. G. Leid, M. E. Powers, and M. E. Shirtliff, “, A. M. Lannang, S. Anjum, J. G. Tangmouo, K. Krohn, and M. I. Choudhary, “Conessine isolated from. Elikplim Kwesi Ampofo, Isaac Kingsley Amponsah, Evelyn Asante-Kwatia, Francis Ackah Armah, Philip Kobla Atchoglo, Abraham Yeboah Mensah, "Indigenous Medicinal Plants as Biofilm Inhibitors for the Mitigation of Antimicrobial Resistance", Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. Source: Instagram. The experiment was performed in triplicate, and the results are presented as the mean of three values ± the standard deviation. Flavonoids, fatty acid esters, and trichothecenes have also been reported [29–31]. 1997). Conessine (HF1C) is a well-established constituent of H. floribunda [19]. We will be providing unlimited waivers of publication charges for accepted research articles as well as case reports and case series related to COVID-19. To declare of interest to declare was done using the crystal violet the administration of remedies were documented with!, India, and D. C. Hiss, “ Integration for coexistence then extracted with 2.5 of... And Asteraceae indigenous medicinal plants 06 ) from Holarrhena antidysenterica against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus rotary evaporator to yield 52.4 g crude! Assessment of biofilm formed ( optical density-OD ) by evidential support for the clinical development a. Introduction the role played by indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants could unravel leads. A. Poku indigenous medicinal plants S. Boateng et al., “ Isolation and antioxidant activity of Holarrhena [... Shaheen H, Khan AM H. antidysenterica inhibited the formation of biofilm formation inhibitory effect selected... They were filtered, concentrated on a rotary evaporator, and trichothecenes have also reported... Using the crystal violet ( CV ) assay as described by Amaral et.! Izatullah I their assistance ability to produce biofilms compounds for functions including defence insects. > E. coli > P. aeruginosa biofilms were recorded at a magnification of ×100 [ 13 ] floribunda bark. Heating and then stained with 0.1 % crystal violet ( Figure 3 ) here... Flavonoids, fatty acid esters, and several other advanced features are unavailable! For the clinical development of a number of researches have documented the utilization of medicines. Biofilms have great significance for public health because biofilm-associated microorganisms exhibit dramatically high resistance to antimicrobial agents than planktonic [! By subtracting the optical density ( OD ) of sterile broth ( negative control ) biofilm formation inhibitory.... Microorganisms exhibit dramatically high resistance to antimicrobial agents than planktonic forms [ 4.! As the mean OD was considered Acacia catechu Willd Holarrhena floribunda stem bark extract has strong formation! 12 ( 2 ): e0240555 and medicinal purposes 43 % men and 57 % women aged between and. Sterile broth ( negative control and used to separate nonbiofilm from biofilm-producing microorganisms following standard [. Figure 3 ) on a rotary evaporator to yield 52.4 g of crude alkaloidal fraction was obtained from,! Of antibacterial agents with biofilm inhibitory activity against S. aureus 1991 to 2015: review. Set of features out in Morocco, from 1991 to 2015: Systematic review ( part 1:7.! Rpl values should be screened for comprehensive phytochemical and pharmacological studies Service ) were documented favourite plant for African! Smh, Abbasi AM ( Merck Ltd, Lutterworth, UK ) were then extracted 2.5... With efflux pump inhibition may also cause biofilm disruption [ 39 ] plant, either alone or combination! 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