Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances. This product may adversely interact with certain health and medical conditions, other prescription and over-the-counter drugs, foods, or other dietary supplements. It is native to southern India and Southeast Asia. Indigenous to India and Indonesia, sandalwood is an evergreen tree that grows to 8 to 12 m in height and 2.5 m in girth.1 The bark is smooth and gray-brown in color, and the small flowers have numerous short stalks. The ISO Standard for the accepted characteristics of this essential oil is ISO 3518:2002. In the southern Indian states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh,[18] and Tamil Nadu all trees of greater than a specified girth were the property of the state until 2001/2. Research reveals no clinical data regarding the use of sandalwood oil for cardio-metabolic risk. Santalum ellipticum, known as Hawaiian sandalwood ( lliahi aloe ), is also used and deemed of high quality. Sandalwood is an evergreen tree native to India and Indonesia and grows to 8 to 12 m in height and 2.5 The State grants specific permission to officials who then can cut down the tree and sell its wood. The oil has mainly been used as a fragrance enhancer. Sandalwood oil should be dosed in a resistant coating that protects against gastric secretions. Subscribe to Drugs.com newsletters for the latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates. The tree is variable in habit, usually upright to sprawling, and may intertwine with other species. The oil should not be ingested internally in its natural state.1, 25, Sandalwood oil can cause dermatitis in sensitive persons, although it is generally considered to be nonirritating to human skin.2, 11, 26 A case report described a 65-year-old man with a scaly, hyperpigmented plaque on his forehead and fissuring of his fingers (markedly on the thumb and index finger). With the exception of certain products that are generally recognized as safe in normal quantities, including use of folic acid and prenatal vitamins during pregnancy, this product has not been sufficiently studied to determine whether it is safe to use during pregnancy or nursing or by persons younger than 2 years of age. Oh! Bark is tight, dark brown, reddish, dark grey or The ecstatic aroma of this plant, which is not just amazing but also long-lasting, makes it so popular across the world. It may propagate itself through wood suckering during its early development, establishing small stands. SANDALWOOD essential oil, scientifically known as Santalum Album, The essential oil of sandalwood is extracted through steam distillation of wood from matured sandalwood trees which are 40-80 years old, although 80 years is preferred. Sandalwood oil has been widely used in folk medicine for treatment of common colds, bronchitis, skin disorders, heart ailments, general weakness, fever, infection of the urinary tract, inflammation of the mouth and pharynx, liver and gallbladder complaints and other maladies. Laryngitis 6. It also features as a construction material in temples and elsewhere. sandalwood tree scientific name: Santalum album In Indian tradition, Sandalwood trees are a special place and it used from cradle to cremation. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information -. Oral, intraperitoneal, and intracerebroventricular administration of alpha-santalol reduced rectal temperature and spontaneous motor activity more effectively than beta-santalol. Sandalwood is now cultivated in India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Northern Australia. Alpha-santalol is believed to exert its chemopreventive effects, particularly against skin cancer, through the induction of apoptosis and tumor suppressor protein. Sandalwood oil has generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status as a flavoring agent in food by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers' Association, and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) also recognizes sandalwood oil as a natural flavoring. Glabrous surface is shiny and bright green, with a glaucous pale reverse. The generic name Santalum is derived from santalon, the Greek name for sandalwood. Reliable clinical studies are lacking in support of the effects of sandalwood oil. [citation needed], S. album is recognized as a "vulnerable" species by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Santalum album L. is indigenous to the tropical belt of the peninsular India, eastern Indonesia and northern Australia. Santalum L. – sandalwood. Soil type: S. album grows in a wide range of soils but is most common in sandy or rocky red soil zones. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of South Florida and other herbaria. Sheffields Seed Company offers 1000s of quality seed for sale varieties with fast worldwide shipping Phone 315 4971058 Fax 315 4971059 Email seedsheffields.com Its is the world s most popular and costliest wood and widely known as Chandanam, Srigandham in south India and Chandan in North. The effect was dose dependent and the oil was not virucidal.12 Another in vitro study found sandalwood oil to exert inhibitory activity against HSV-2 (IC50 of 0.0015%).13, Sandalwood oil (along with the essential oils thyme, and hyssop) was found to exert virucidal activity against acyclovir-sensitive and resistant strains of HSV-1. Annual production fell from a high of 4,000 tonnes in the early 1970s, to fewer than 300 tonnes in 2011. The santalols and related compounds have been identified in the blood of mice that inhaled sandalwood fumes under experimental conditions, indicating that systemic absorption of these compounds can occur.29. Scientific Name (s): Santalum album L. Common Name (s): East Indian sandalwood oil, Sandalwood, Santal oil, White or yellow sandalwood oil, White saunders oil. [20], The harvesting of sandalwood is preferred to be of trees that are advanced in age. Sandalwood oil can cause dermatitis, although it is generally considered to be nonirritating to human skin. They may live to one hundred years of age. The height of the evergreen tree is between 4 and 9 metres. The wood and oil are in high demand and are an important trade item in three main regions: The use of S. album in India is noted in literature for over two thousand years. Call us at 1 315 4971058. Santalum L. – sandalwood. The extensive removal of S. album over the past century led to increased vulnerability to extinction. This information is not specific medical advice and does not replace information you receive from your health care provider. Kautilya’s Arthashastra (320 B.C.) The entire plant is removed rather than cut to the base, as in coppiced species. The oil should not be ingested internally in its natural state. Additionally, alpha-santalol in 2.5% and 5% concentrations as pretreatment reduced ultraviolet B UVB-initiated skin tumor development.8, Alpha-santalol activated caspase-3 activity, causing apoptosis in androgen-dependant and -independent human prostate cancer cells. These often hold an important place within the societies of its naturalised distribution range. 22 November 2019. Information regarding safety and efficacy in pregnancy and lactation is lacking. Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Scars 9. It does NOT include all information about the possible uses, directions, warnings, precautions, interactions, adverse effects, or risks that may apply to this product. Common names Bark is tight, dark brown, reddish, dark grey or nearly black, smooth in young trees, rough with deep vertical cracks in older trees, red inside. Select one or more newsletters to continue. [11][12][13], Until 2002, individuals in India were not allowed to grow sandalwood. It is usually an evergreen tree with a long life. ‘Chandana’ the Sanskrit name ascribed to Santalum album L. was known and used in India from the earliest historic times and is frequently mentioned in the ancient Sanskrit writings, some of which dated before Christian era. Stretch MarksSource: Julia Lawless, The Encyclopedia of Essential Oils (Updated Edition) (London: Harper Thorsons, 2014), 179-180. The investigators suggested that mechanism of action must differ from that of acyclovir, given that it was effective against acyclovir-resistant strains and might be attributed to inactivation of the virus before it enters the cell.14. Santalum album, or Indian sandalwood, is a small tropical tree, and is the most commonly known source of sandalwood. The sapwood is white or yellow in color and is used to make turnery items. The reddish or brown bark can be almost black and is smooth in young trees, becoming cracked with a red reveal. Subordinate Taxa. Other species in the genus Santalum, such as the Australian S. spicatum, are also referred to as true sandalwoods, to distinguish them from trees with similar-smelling wood or oil. [17], The native species, Santalum spicatum is more common and extensively grown in Western Australia, but as of 2020[update] there are two commercial Indian sandalwood plantations in full operation based in Kununurra, in the far north of Western Australia: Quintis (formerly Tropical Forestry Services), which in 2017 controlled around 80 per cent of the world's supply of Indian sandalwood,[19] and Santanol, who follow ethical and sustainable practices. This information relates to an herbal, vitamin, mineral or other dietary supplement. There have been reports of kidney damage with prolonged use.. [15] HPTLC and GC,[citation needed] GC-MS based methods are used for qualitative and quantitative analyses of the volatile [16] essential oil constituents. 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